很多地方都在出售美白针,而且广告打得都很诱人,“肌肤年轻20岁啊”,“让你的肌肤变得更加明亮、轻盈和光泽”。
有一家美白针是这么介绍的:“某博士经过多年skin-lightening glutathione injections的研究,终于开发出了第四代美白针,它的主要成分是谷胱甘肽,维生素C和其他维生素/矿物质。这种美白针完美适应各种体质,而且天然无毒。其中的主要成分谷胱甘肽是美白祛斑霜的上位替代品,完美地克服了美白霜可能造成的对肌肤的刺激,而且效果更佳出色。美白针的所有成分都通过了卫生局的监管,而且药品也是韩国进口的,美得放心!”
诚然,美白针,特别是美白针的主要成分谷胱甘肽经常被人当做灵丹妙药来宣传,而且越吹越玄乎。说它是治疗疾病和保持健康最重要的一种因子,是预防衰老、癌症、心脏病和痴呆的秘诀,甚至可以治疗孤独症和抑郁症,然后关于它的医疗文献超过89000篇之类巴拉巴拉。
谷胱甘肽是一种天然在体内合成的抗氧化剂。它涉及了很多生理过程,可能在不同的疾病中起作用,但同时,也缺乏有力的证据能够证明它与健康的变化存在关系。之所以需要注射,是因为口服之后会在消化系统中分解为氨基酸。
而现在,谷胱甘肽已经有很多医疗用途的研究,比如帕金森病。而涉及到美白的时候,实验发现谷胱甘肽可能有利于抗黑色素的合成。虽然实验的样本尚且不充足,但是确实显示口服和外涂谷胱甘肽对皮肤美白有积极的意义。
然而,我们找不到任何已发表的文献表示静脉注射谷胱甘肽是有效地,也找不到任何临床试验确定它是有效地。而天然药物综合数据库根本就没有对谷胱甘肽美白效果的记录,总体来说,谷胱甘肽的疗效依然是存疑的。
我查了很多文献,实话说,关于注射性谷胱甘肽的安全性信息非常的少。根据天然药物综合数据库显示,注射用谷胱甘肽“可能是安全的”。比较权威的声明来自于菲律宾食品药品监管局。
The alarming increase in the unapproved use of glutathione administered intravenously as a skin-whitening agent at very high doses is unsafe and may result in serious consequences to the health of users. There is inadequate safety documentation on the use of high doses of glutathione administered at 600 mg to 1.2 grams once weekly and even up to twice weekly. The only approved indication of the intravenous format of glutathione is as an adjunctive treatment to reduce neurotoxicity associated with cisplatin chemotherapy. Adverse drug reactions resulting from the use of glutathione IV for skin whitening have been reported and include the following:
1. Reports of adverse drug reactions ranging from skin rashes to the serious and potentially fatal Steven Johnsons Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.
2. Derangements in the thyroid function
3. Suspected kidney dysfunction potential resulting in kidney failure.
4. Severe abdominal pain in a patient receiving twice-weekly glutathione administered intravenously had been reported.
5. Incorrect technique in intravenous administration especially in association with administration by untrained persons can result in the following:
Introduction of harmful microorganisms that can result in serious infections including potential fatal sepsis.
Injection of air can lead to embolus which is also potentially fatal.
Unsafe use of needles (recycling, sharing) can result in the transmission of hepatitis B and even HIV.
Counterfeiting of glutathione has been reported and may lead to use of non-sterile preparations which could lead to serious infections.
总结一下,就是高剂量注射谷胱甘肽的安全性尚且不明,可能会对健康造成严重的后果。现在唯一批注的谷胱甘肽注射治疗是用于减少化疗毒性的辅助治疗,已报道的不良反应包括皮疹到严重且可能致命的史蒂文约翰逊综合症和毒性表皮坏死松解症、甲状腺功能紊乱、肾功能不全可能导致肾功能衰竭和严重的腹痛。
当然,除此之外,如果是不规范注射,还可能会导致艾滋病或者乙肝的感染,这个知友们应该都知道,略过不提。
结论
几乎没有决定性的证据表明注射性谷胱甘肽在美容美白方面是安全或者有效的。鉴于不明确的益处,以及可能的风险,规劝消费者们在打美白针之前多多考虑。美容美白最好还是要去值得信任的大机构,个人认为,美丽诚可贵,健康价更高!